Researched and Written by Leila Battison
Narrated and Edited by David Kelly
Artwork by Khail Kupsky
Thumbnail Artwork and Artwork by Ettore Mazza
In the event you like our movies, try Leila’s youtube channel:
Music from Epidemic Sound and Artlist.
Picture credit:
Mimoperadectes By Jorge González – Horovitz I, Martin T, Bloch J, Ladevèze S, Kurz C, et al. (2009) Cranial Anatomy of the Earliest Marsupials and the Origin of Opossums. PLoS ONE 4(12): e8278. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008278.g006, CC BY 2.5,
Snowball Earth Oleg Kuznetsov – 3depix – CC BY-SA 4.0 through Wikimedia Commons
Cyanobacteria By CSIRO, CC BY 3.0,
Oviraptor By Jordi Payà from Barcelona, Catalonia – IMG_1215'Uploaded by FunkMonk, CC BY-SA 2.0,
Oviraptor cranium By Jaime A. Headden – CC BY 3.0,
Megazostrodon Reconstruction By Theklan – Personal work, CC BY-SA 4.0,
Coryphodon By Jonathan Chen – Personal work, CC BY-SA 4.0,
Amoeba By Cymothoa exigua – Personal work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
College of Bonn Electorial Constructing By I, Der Wolf im Wald, CC BY-SA 2.5,
Poppelsdorfer Alle By Itamar Medeiros – Imported from 500px (archived model) by the Archive Staff. (element web page), CC BY-SA 3.0,
Chloroplasts seen within the cells of Bryum capillare By Des_Callaghan – Personal work, CC BY-SA 4.0,
Liverwort_chloroplasts By Smith609 – Personal work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Oxpecker on Impala By Charles James Sharp – Self-photographed, from Sharp Images, sharpphotography.co.uk, CC BY-SA 4.0,
Oxpecker on mammal By Prosthetic Head – Personal work, CC BY-SA 4.0,
Yellow-billed oxpecker on a wildebeest By Lip Kee Yap from Singapore, Republic of Singapore – Yellow-billed Oxpecker (Buphagus africanus), CC BY-SA 2.0,
A disruptively patterned white-spotted puffer being cleaned by a conspicuously colored Hawaiian cleaner wrasse. By Brocken Inaglory – Personal work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Remora By RyanSomma – initially uploaded to Flickr as Frequent Remora, CC BY-SA 2.0,
Nurse shark with remoras Duncan Wright (Consumer:Sabine’s Sunbird), CC BY-SA 3.0 through Wikimedia Commons
Chlorophyll Cells By Kristian Peters — Fabelfroh – Self-photographed, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Amobe By Picturepest – Amöbe? 400x, 12my – Fokalebene 1, CC BY 2.0,
Chrondocyte By Robert M. Hunt – Personal work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
A fluorescent picture of an endothelial cell.
By IP69.226.103.13 – Personal work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Mobile universe By Annaleida – Personal work, CC BY-SA 4.0,
Human Cheek Cells stained with Methylene Blue below 400x magnification By Fritzmann2002 – Personal work, CC BY-SA 4.0,
Cèl·lules de la mucosa bucal. By Pere López Brosa, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Dolly the sheep By Paul Hudson from United Kingdom – Nationwide Museum of Scotland, CC BY 2.0,
black widow By Ken-ichi Ueda – CC BY 4.0,
Cell division by 42 By Egelberg – Personal work, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Spermatozoa By Vasin-ks – Personal work, CC BY-SA 4.0,
Meosis By Doc. RNDr. Josef Reischig, CSc. – Creator's archive, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Mitochondrion By Kelvinsong; modified by Sowlos – Personal work primarily based on: Mitochondrion mini.svg, CC BY-SA 3.0,
Thanks for watching, and for pointing out some timeline issues regarding the evolution of birds. Perhaps not clear enough with our analogy – apologies!
References
https://eos.org/articles/how-did-life-recover-after-earths-worst-ever-mass-extinction
https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/0_0_0/massextinct_04
https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/0_0_0/evo_52
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK9841/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1578724/
https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a514565.pdf#page=23
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2933680/
https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/3353945/Browne_Botany.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y
Foodie: So, basically, all life is carboniferous? Awesome.
Vegan: Don't call ME carboniferous!!!
Great video from you as always 🙂
You shouldn't mention the "four corners" of the globe. You might accidentally encourage the flat earthers
I am so loving all this work on the great oxidation event! I’ve been talking about it for decades and it’s great to have some high quality videos to share with the less informed😁 way more palatable than the usual scientific article or paper, although that is a staple of my diet😎 keep up the good work!🥳🎓🍻
Thanks so much for posting this! The world sucks extra hard right now and it's wonderful to hear cool stuff to the sound of an awesome voice.
Very good. Thanks
For some reason, I heard Dr. Ruth's voice when you started talking about the invention of sex.
Stunning video as usual. 1M subs by the end of the year
Got to admire your ancestors, they cheated multiple extinctions.
"To be a eukaryote is to have sex" not in my experience pal
Maybe a few little details (birds before, grass after) weren't quite right but this was the most satisfying YouTube thing I have seen in quite a while.
"In the few million years after the KT extinction, mammals diversified more than in the preceding 160 million years." @ 3:14
you do such a good job. I get excited when you have a new upload. thank you!
Great video! Only one comment. Life would have never made it to become a simple bactaria. Some bacteria have made it to live amon us. Our neighbour, our manager… etc. Regretfully to say, but there are still too much amon us. 😉
Well done and much appreciated. Smart comments too
This is by far the best you tube channel I’ve ever watched! Everything about these videos is perfect! The narrator, the script, the visuals! I’m seriously blown away! 💜
Yes, but how did the sexual reproduction evolve? How did cells develop halving their DNA without dying. How did these halved cells get the ability to merge to make a whole cell? I feel their is a big chunk left out in the end.
Did you skip the proto-mitochondria? When did non-photosythesising oxygen-loving come about? Was it before or after predation? Otherwise great work.
"to be a eucaryote is to have sex" well then I guess I'm procaryotic
Thank you so much for this! This is very quality content, i enjoy this story and how it is presented. Subscribed right away, keep em coming 🙂
You sir are high quality speaker. Nature is strange and fascinating. The smallest organism can change the face of a planet. Yet it's fragile and could disappear in the blink of an eye. And here you are, after billions of year of evolution. Think about all the unexpected events that led to you. From you parents meetings to the cell that divided in the primordial soup. It's been quite a journey. I'm burrying my grandma tommorrow, and that's how it is. I'll pray for her, and remember that she was part of that journey. And my childrens will have to continue it. And theirs, after i'll be gone t'ill the end of the universe. Life is beautifull and a poetic thing.
i still dont understand how sex solves oxygen aging
Such an epic journey. Already wondering what the next video will be about.